Motor winding refers to the arrangement of electrical conductors that create a magnetic field in an electric motor, which in turn drives the rotors. The type of winding and the properties of the conductors used in some cases greatly affect the characteristics of the motor and allow the design to be individually adapted to the intended application.
This part refers to the electrical conductor windings in the motor between the housing and the rotor. The conductor consists of wires with high electrical conductivity and can be used in different thicknesses. The smaller the wire diameter, the tighter the coils that can be wound. This feature significantly changes the operating behavior of the motor, as it also changes the type of magnetic field created when current flows through it.
Electromotor coil
Stator winding
In electric motors, the stator winding is a type of motor winding that is placed on the fixed part of the motor called the stator. In induction motors, this section is placed in slots cut in the stator core, and in DC motors, it is wrapped around the magnetic poles.
Thus, in DC motors, it creates a constant magnetic flux in the machine, while which in induction motors creates a rotating magnetic field in the motor.
Rotor winding
Rotor winding is a type of motor winding that is done on the rotating part of the motor, i.e. the rotor, and is placed in the slots made on the rotor core. In dc motors, it uses a dc power supply and acts as an armature coil. In the case of induction motors, it works through a short circuit, and in synchronous motors, it uses a DC source to generate a constant magnetic field. This part is responsible for creating torque in the rotor and turning it.
Armature winding
In an electric motor, the armature winding is the main winding in which the electromagnetic torque is generated. In electric motors, the armature winding interacts with the magnetic flux produced by permanent magnets or electromagnets to produce torque in the rotor. The armature winding performs the following two functions in an electric motor
It induces an emf (electromotive force).
It creates a torque to turn the rotor and shaft.
Field coil
The field coil is the motor winding that creates the magnetic field required for the machine to work. In DC motors, it is installed on the stator and is excited using a dc power supply. In induction motors, it is also placed on the stator, but it is excited from the AC power source. The field winding of the synchronous motor is carried on the rotor and is excited from the dc power supply, and in general, its main function in an electric motor is to produce the main field flux required for the motor to operate.